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// Verbesserter Fahrradblinker für ESP32
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// - 3 Taster (INPUT_PULLUP, Taster nach GND)
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// - 2 LED-Ausgänge (linker/rechter Blinker)
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// - pro-Taster Debounce
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// - Serielle Debug-Ausgabe
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// Pin-Konfiguration (anpassbar)
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const int buttonLeftPin = 14;
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const int buttonRightPin = 27;
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const int buttonWarnPin = 26;
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const int ledLeftPin = 12;
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const int ledRightPin = 13;
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// Blink-Einstellung (ms)
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unsigned long blinkInterval = 400UL;
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// --- interne Variablen für Blinken ---
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unsigned long lastBlinkTime = 0;
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bool blinkState = false;
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// --- Zustände ---
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enum BlinkerState { OFF, LEFT, RIGHT, WARN };
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BlinkerState currentState = OFF;
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// --- Debounce pro Taster ---
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struct Button {
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int pin;
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bool stableState; // aktuell entprellter Zustand (true = gedrückt)
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bool lastRead; // letzte gelesene Roh-Bit (LOW/HIGH als bool)
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unsigned long lastChangeMillis;
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unsigned long debounceMillis;
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};
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Button btnLeft = { buttonLeftPin, false, HIGH, 0UL, 50UL };
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Button btnRight = { buttonRightPin, false, HIGH, 0UL, 50UL };
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Button btnWarn = { buttonWarnPin, false, HIGH, 0UL, 50UL };
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// Hilfsfunktion: liest einen Button und aktualisiert Debounce
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bool readButton(Button &b) {
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bool raw = digitalRead(b.pin); // HIGH wenn nicht gedrückt (INPUT_PULLUP)
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unsigned long now = millis();
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if (raw != b.lastRead) {
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// Signal hat sich geändert -> setze Zeitstempel
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b.lastChangeMillis = now;
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b.lastRead = raw;
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} else {
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// Wenn das Signal stabil ist länger als debounceMillis, übernehme es
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if (now - b.lastChangeMillis >= b.debounceMillis) {
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bool pressed = (raw == LOW); // LOW = gedrückt bei INPUT_PULLUP
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if (pressed != b.stableState) {
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b.stableState = pressed;
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// Rückgabe true bedeutet: Zustand hat sich geändert (Edge)
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return true;
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}
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}
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}
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return false;
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}
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// Aufruf bei erkannten Tasterereignissen (Edge)
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void handlePress(BlinkerState pressed) {
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// Wenn gleicher Modus -> aus, sonst neuen Modus
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if (currentState == pressed) currentState = OFF;
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else currentState = pressed;
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// Reset Blink-Phase damit beim Umschalten sofort sichtbar
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blinkState = false;
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lastBlinkTime = millis();
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Serial.print("Mode -> ");
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switch(currentState) {
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case OFF: Serial.println("OFF"); break;
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case LEFT: Serial.println("LEFT"); break;
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case RIGHT: Serial.println("RIGHT"); break;
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case WARN: Serial.println("WARN"); break;
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}
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}
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void setup() {
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Serial.begin(115200);
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delay(10);
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Serial.println("ESP32 Fahrradblinker - Start");
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// Buttons
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pinMode(btnLeft.pin, INPUT_PULLUP);
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pinMode(btnRight.pin, INPUT_PULLUP);
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pinMode(btnWarn.pin, INPUT_PULLUP);
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// LEDs
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pinMode(ledLeftPin, OUTPUT);
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pinMode(ledRightPin, OUTPUT);
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digitalWrite(ledLeftPin, LOW);
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digitalWrite(ledRightPin, LOW);
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// Initial lesen
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btnLeft.lastRead = digitalRead(btnLeft.pin);
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btnRight.lastRead = digitalRead(btnRight.pin);
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btnWarn.lastRead = digitalRead(btnWarn.pin);
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btnLeft.stableState = (btnLeft.lastRead == LOW);
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btnRight.stableState = (btnRight.lastRead == LOW);
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btnWarn.stableState = (btnWarn.lastRead == LOW);
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}
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void loop() {
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unsigned long now = millis();
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// --- Buttons prüfen (Debounce) ---
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// readButton liefert true wenn sich der entprellte Zustand geändert hat
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if (readButton(btnLeft) && btnLeft.stableState) {
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// btnLeft.stableState == true bedeutet: gerade gedrückt geworden
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handlePress(LEFT);
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}
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if (readButton(btnRight) && btnRight.stableState) {
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handlePress(RIGHT);
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}
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if (readButton(btnWarn) && btnWarn.stableState) {
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handlePress(WARN);
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}
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// --- Blink-Logik ---
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if (currentState != OFF) {
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if (now - lastBlinkTime >= blinkInterval) {
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blinkState = !blinkState;
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lastBlinkTime = now;
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}
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} else {
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// Wenn OFF, LEDs aus
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blinkState = false;
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}
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// --- LEDs setzen gemäß Modus ---
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switch (currentState) {
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case LEFT:
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digitalWrite(ledLeftPin, blinkState ? HIGH : LOW);
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digitalWrite(ledRightPin, LOW);
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break;
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case RIGHT:
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digitalWrite(ledLeftPin, LOW);
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digitalWrite(ledRightPin, blinkState ? HIGH : LOW);
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break;
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case WARN:
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digitalWrite(ledLeftPin, blinkState ? HIGH : LOW);
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digitalWrite(ledRightPin, blinkState ? HIGH : LOW);
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break;
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case OFF:
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default:
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digitalWrite(ledLeftPin, LOW);
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digitalWrite(ledRightPin, LOW);
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break;
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}
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// Optional: weniger Serielle Ausgabe (nur zum Debug, kann auskommentiert werden)
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// Serial.print("BlinkState: ");
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// Serial.println(blinkState);
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}
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