1 | // Verbesserter Fahrradblinker für ESP32
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2 | // - 3 Taster (INPUT_PULLUP, Taster nach GND)
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3 | // - 2 LED-Ausgänge (linker/rechter Blinker)
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4 | // - pro-Taster Debounce
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5 | // - Serielle Debug-Ausgabe
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6 |
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7 | // Pin-Konfiguration (anpassbar)
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8 | const int buttonLeftPin = 14;
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9 | const int buttonRightPin = 27;
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10 | const int buttonWarnPin = 26;
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11 |
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12 | const int ledLeftPin = 12;
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13 | const int ledRightPin = 13;
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14 |
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15 | // Blink-Einstellung (ms)
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16 | unsigned long blinkInterval = 400UL;
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17 |
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18 | // --- interne Variablen für Blinken ---
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19 | unsigned long lastBlinkTime = 0;
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20 | bool blinkState = false;
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21 |
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22 | // --- Zustände ---
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23 | enum BlinkerState { OFF, LEFT, RIGHT, WARN };
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24 | BlinkerState currentState = OFF;
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25 |
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26 | // --- Debounce pro Taster ---
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27 | struct Button {
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28 | int pin;
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29 | bool stableState; // aktuell entprellter Zustand (true = gedrückt)
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30 | bool lastRead; // letzte gelesene Roh-Bit (LOW/HIGH als bool)
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31 | unsigned long lastChangeMillis;
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32 | unsigned long debounceMillis;
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33 | };
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34 |
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35 | Button btnLeft = { buttonLeftPin, false, HIGH, 0UL, 50UL };
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36 | Button btnRight = { buttonRightPin, false, HIGH, 0UL, 50UL };
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37 | Button btnWarn = { buttonWarnPin, false, HIGH, 0UL, 50UL };
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38 |
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39 | // Hilfsfunktion: liest einen Button und aktualisiert Debounce
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40 | bool readButton(Button &b) {
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41 | bool raw = digitalRead(b.pin); // HIGH wenn nicht gedrückt (INPUT_PULLUP)
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42 | unsigned long now = millis();
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43 |
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44 | if (raw != b.lastRead) {
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45 | // Signal hat sich geändert -> setze Zeitstempel
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46 | b.lastChangeMillis = now;
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47 | b.lastRead = raw;
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48 | } else {
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49 | // Wenn das Signal stabil ist länger als debounceMillis, übernehme es
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50 | if (now - b.lastChangeMillis >= b.debounceMillis) {
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51 | bool pressed = (raw == LOW); // LOW = gedrückt bei INPUT_PULLUP
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52 | if (pressed != b.stableState) {
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53 | b.stableState = pressed;
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54 | // Rückgabe true bedeutet: Zustand hat sich geändert (Edge)
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55 | return true;
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56 | }
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57 | }
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58 | }
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59 | return false;
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60 | }
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61 |
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62 | // Aufruf bei erkannten Tasterereignissen (Edge)
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63 | void handlePress(BlinkerState pressed) {
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64 | // Wenn gleicher Modus -> aus, sonst neuen Modus
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65 | if (currentState == pressed) currentState = OFF;
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66 | else currentState = pressed;
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67 |
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68 | // Reset Blink-Phase damit beim Umschalten sofort sichtbar
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69 | blinkState = false;
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70 | lastBlinkTime = millis();
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71 |
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72 | Serial.print("Mode -> ");
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73 | switch(currentState) {
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74 | case OFF: Serial.println("OFF"); break;
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75 | case LEFT: Serial.println("LEFT"); break;
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76 | case RIGHT: Serial.println("RIGHT"); break;
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77 | case WARN: Serial.println("WARN"); break;
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78 | }
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79 | }
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80 |
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81 | void setup() {
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82 | Serial.begin(115200);
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83 | delay(10);
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84 | Serial.println("ESP32 Fahrradblinker - Start");
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85 |
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86 | // Buttons
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87 | pinMode(btnLeft.pin, INPUT_PULLUP);
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88 | pinMode(btnRight.pin, INPUT_PULLUP);
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89 | pinMode(btnWarn.pin, INPUT_PULLUP);
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90 |
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91 | // LEDs
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92 | pinMode(ledLeftPin, OUTPUT);
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93 | pinMode(ledRightPin, OUTPUT);
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94 | digitalWrite(ledLeftPin, LOW);
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95 | digitalWrite(ledRightPin, LOW);
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96 |
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97 | // Initial lesen
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98 | btnLeft.lastRead = digitalRead(btnLeft.pin);
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99 | btnRight.lastRead = digitalRead(btnRight.pin);
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100 | btnWarn.lastRead = digitalRead(btnWarn.pin);
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101 | btnLeft.stableState = (btnLeft.lastRead == LOW);
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102 | btnRight.stableState = (btnRight.lastRead == LOW);
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103 | btnWarn.stableState = (btnWarn.lastRead == LOW);
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104 | }
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105 |
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106 | void loop() {
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107 | unsigned long now = millis();
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108 |
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109 | // --- Buttons prüfen (Debounce) ---
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110 | // readButton liefert true wenn sich der entprellte Zustand geändert hat
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111 | if (readButton(btnLeft) && btnLeft.stableState) {
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112 | // btnLeft.stableState == true bedeutet: gerade gedrückt geworden
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113 | handlePress(LEFT);
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114 | }
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115 | if (readButton(btnRight) && btnRight.stableState) {
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116 | handlePress(RIGHT);
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117 | }
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118 | if (readButton(btnWarn) && btnWarn.stableState) {
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119 | handlePress(WARN);
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120 | }
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121 |
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122 | // --- Blink-Logik ---
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123 | if (currentState != OFF) {
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124 | if (now - lastBlinkTime >= blinkInterval) {
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125 | blinkState = !blinkState;
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126 | lastBlinkTime = now;
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127 | }
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128 | } else {
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129 | // Wenn OFF, LEDs aus
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130 | blinkState = false;
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131 | }
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132 |
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133 | // --- LEDs setzen gemäß Modus ---
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134 | switch (currentState) {
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135 | case LEFT:
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136 | digitalWrite(ledLeftPin, blinkState ? HIGH : LOW);
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137 | digitalWrite(ledRightPin, LOW);
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138 | break;
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139 | case RIGHT:
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140 | digitalWrite(ledLeftPin, LOW);
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141 | digitalWrite(ledRightPin, blinkState ? HIGH : LOW);
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142 | break;
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143 | case WARN:
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144 | digitalWrite(ledLeftPin, blinkState ? HIGH : LOW);
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145 | digitalWrite(ledRightPin, blinkState ? HIGH : LOW);
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146 | break;
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147 | case OFF:
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148 | default:
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149 | digitalWrite(ledLeftPin, LOW);
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150 | digitalWrite(ledRightPin, LOW);
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151 | break;
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152 | }
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153 |
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154 | // Optional: weniger Serielle Ausgabe (nur zum Debug, kann auskommentiert werden)
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155 | // Serial.print("BlinkState: ");
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156 | // Serial.println(blinkState);
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157 | }
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